![Fig. 1](https://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41467-020-16980-5/MediaObjects/41467_2020_16980_Fig1_HTML.png)
X-ray fluorescence holography in (a) normal mode, (b) inverse mode, and (c) waveguid mode
We introduced X-ray waveguide fluorescence holography (XWFH) based on the waveguiding properties of thin films for probing nanostructures and their kinetics. For the structural reconstruction, we developed a rigorous dynamical-scattering based model-independent algorithm, where the structural profile and its confident intervals are estimated with an efficient Markov-Chain Monte Carlo sampler analogous to the Hamiltonian dynamics in classical mechanics.
Zhang Jiang, et al., Reconstruction of evolving nanostructures in ultrathin films with X-ray waveguide fluorescence holography, Nature Communications 11, 3197 (2020)
DOE Science Highlight: Watching the Evolution of Nanostructures in Thin Films